According to Pew Research Center, Islam is currently the fastest-growing religion globally, driven by high birth rates and a youthful population. If trends continue, Muslims could become the world’s largest religious group by 2060. In India, the Muslim population rose from 14.3% in 2010 to 15.2% in 2020, while the Hindu share declined slightly from 80% to 79% . The Hindu fertility rate aligns with the global average, contributing to slower growth. By 2050, India is projected to have the largest Muslim population worldwide, surpassing Indonesia. These demographic shifts are reshaping religious landscapes and sparking debate over minority status and policy implications.